Leonard passano



L. PASSANO.

PILOT BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 3. I9`I7.

Patented Nov. 11, 1919.1

v t. A..

riNiTED STATES Parar onirica LEONARD PASSANO, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, ASSIG-NOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE CITIES ILLUMINATING COMPANYOF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

PILOT-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 11, 1919.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEONARD PAssANo, a citizen of the United States, residing at Baltimore city, and State of Maryland, have 1nvented certain new and useful Improvements in Pilot-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in pilot burners for street and other lamps, and more particularly to a pilot which is termed a glower pilot, or one in which a small quantity of material capable of being readily brought to a state of incandescence 1s employed in close proximity to the main or lighting mantle. v

One object of the invention is to provide a pilot of extremely low gas consumption, and so arranged and -constructed as to remain lighted under various draft and pressure variation stresses, which are incident to the use of devices of this character.

A further object of the invention is to pro vide a pilot which will keep, in a state of constant incandescence, a limited portion or area of lthe main mantle from which, and consequently indirectly, the remaining portion of the main mantle is brought quickly to the desired state of incandescence which characterizes it whenv the light is burning, and from which portion of the main mantle the gas is kindled to bring the mantle to a complete state of incandescence, without the mantle-disrupting force incident to igniting or kindling the gas after la considerable quantity has accumulated within and around the mantle. A

Another object of the invention is to so construct the pilot burner that the mantle fabric on the top thereof will hold the flame even at very low gas pressure, while at the higher pressures, the extending glow from the pilot is caught and held bythe main mantle itself, thus automatically increasingv and diminishing the incandescent area of the mam mantle, according tothe variation in the gas pressure. This insures not only aconstant condition of` incandescence for bringing the main mantle to a full state of incandescence, but brings about a condition wherein the pilot itself has great draft resisting properties. Furthermore, by spreading the pilot glow over the surface of the mantle, the high resulting temperature insures complete combustion without carboni-V zati on on the surface of the mantle.

A still further object of the invention is to provide the pilot burner with anopening so positioned as to protect it against clogging by particles either from within or without and the location of the pilot with relation to the mantle and chimney is such that the mantle `and chimney can be removed and replaced, without interference with or destruction of the pilot.

I am aware that it is not new to project a {iame jet from a pilot burner laterally Iagainst a mantle but such an arrangement has such distinct disadvantages as to preclude its practical use, one of the main objections being that such a flame jet does not spread over the mantle surface suliiciently to become thoroughly mixed with the air and consequently tends to deposit carbon on the mantle. Furthermore, the concentration of a jet on a small spot of the mantle fabric, tends to weaken the mantle in a limited area by the impulses of the flame and causes 0verhardening at and around the point of contact.

In the drawings,

Figure l is a side elevation of a burner showing the improved pilot in connection therewith;

Fig. `2 is an enlarged sectional view of the upper part o-f the pilot or tip, showing the manner of attaching the incandescent filament, and the manner of forming the gas outlet opening.

Referring to the drawings, in which there is shown a burner of the type adapted to receive the pilot, the numeral 1 designates the gas cock, which may be of any approved construction, 2 the gallery and 8 the Bunsentube.

3 designates the mantle supported over the 'burner in the usual way and 3 designates the glass shade.

The numeral 4: designates the pilot tube let into the gas supply pipe at 5, below the cock, the opening and closing of which cock does not affect the supply of gas to the pilot tube, the burner being of the type or kind in which the pilot burns constantly.

The upper portion of the pilot tube is surrounded by a wrapping of incandescent filament 6. The tube is better shown in Fig. 2 of the drawing, is provided with a recess 7, thus forming a contracted portion into whicha part of the incandescent filament is bound by a suitable tie 8. Above the recess, I provide thel gas outlet orifice 9 through which gas constantly issues and after being once ignited', -keeps the pilot filament in a constant state of incandescence or glow,fand theheat therefrom 1s imparted to an area of the lIna-1n mantle, as indicated at a and heats said area to a stat-e of incandescence which constantly remainsin such state and' in readiness to ignite the main body of the mantle whentheeXigencies of use require I] thus; provide two incandescent surfaces'for holding `the lighting glow which is found in practice to be particularly advantageous. as it provides against disadvantages resulting from gas pressure variations.

It will be noted that the outlet of the pilot tubeis so positioned that draft conditions become ofl-ittle consequence, as varilrial of the mantle.

pilot burners `is suddenly kindled and exploded, with a. disruptive force Very in- Y j-urious to the mantle.

modey ofl oper-ation of .kindling ation in drafts in the do not 'materially the mantle fabric present arrangement, affect the glow of either orthe pilot or the mate- The arrangement described, by which a portionA of the mantle is kept in a constant statel ofv incandescence, insures the immediate' kindling of thegas as it comes into the burner, preventing the.' possibility Vof accumulations, which, with the use of ordinary in fact In other words, the

the gas in theburner, I have l that the pilot described is the indirect means Y f, outrthe .e'ntireperipher' 'Y v trueLV when the mainy mantle is not in a state Y of. ineandescence.VV j

iHavingjthus.described I/claim isi-1f '1 .$60

A rcapita Q rjtnispatnf may ne otta'ineafor by which 'the -gas is kindled.

ythe provisionof the fuel outlet -in the pilot' burner' produces v:the glow Vof theQincandescentmaterial of the top ofk the pilot, at a; pointl where it is communicated to the man-v tle V to keepl a considerable portion thereof 'in that the side in an incandescent state, andthis arrange# ment ofnfuel outlet has a very dlstmct adf vantage from a point of economy in shades considerable breakage of the glass, due to var i110 y,tem er-atures.v Es eciall is `this Y e P P Y .1.The'eombinationf with an incandescent mantle, vof' a Apilot tube Vadjacent thereto and Yfilament of or lighting described, is, vutterly different from that lcharacterizing fany pilot burner of which I am; aware, in

Furthermore, l

which heat on the` my inventiomwhat supporting a filament of incandescent ma terial out of contact with the mantle, but near enoughv thereto'to communicate a heat glow to/a portion ofthe mantle, whereby said portion is kept in a state of constant incandescence, said incandescent portion serving to kindle the gas to bring the entire mantle toa state of incandescence.

2, The combination with an incandescent mantle of a pilot tube adjacent thereto and having a discharge opening, in the side and supporting a filament of-incandescent material lout lof' contact with the-mantle, but near enough thereto to communicate a heat. glow to aportion of the mantle, whereby said portion .is kept in a state of constant incandescence, said incandescent portion serving to kindle the gas to bring the entire mantle to a state of incandescence.

3. The combination with an incandescent mantle, of a pilot tube adjacent thereto, and having the gas discharge opening in the side adjacent the mantle, and supporting a incandescent material out of contact with the mantle, -but near enough thereto tocommunicate a heat glow to a portion of the mantle, whereby Vsaid portion -is keptin a state of constant incandescenoe,

l said incandescent portion serving to kindle thek gas to bring the entire mantle to a state of incandescence.

. 4:. The combinationwith anincandescent mantle, of a `pilot light adjacent ythereto and having the gas discharge opening in the side adjacent the mantle and having a lilament `of :incandescent material wrapped therearound overthe gas discharge opening to form, aheat glow andI communicate it to a` portion of the mantle,rwhereby said portion is kept .in a state of constant meandeseence.

5.,'I`he combination with an incandescent mantle of a-pilot light tube adjacent thereto and having a closed upper end and a gas dischargeopening in the side adjacent the mantle, 'the' said tube having a recess below the gas opening, a filament of incandescent materiall wrapped around, the tube opposite the recess and eXtending'above the end of the tube, and atie for holding thel filament in the recess around they tube, said incandescent iilament forming a heat glow and communicating itzto a portion of the mantle, whereby said portion is kept in a state of const-ant incandescence. v

In testimony whereof I aiiiX my signature in presence of two witnesses.'

. LEONARD PASSANO. .VVitnesses: 1 H f JoHANNAH-A. TACK,l Y GEO'. C. BENDER.

ive cents each, addressing the Gommissionerof Patents, Washington, .D. (2.1 

